What Is a Lithium-Ion Battery? What Is Its Structure?

What is a primary lithium battery?

A primary lithium battery is a high energy chemical battery commonly referred to as a lithium battery. It uses metallic lithium as the negative electrode, solid salts or salts dissolved in organic solvents as the electrolyte, and metal oxides or other solid or liquid oxidants as the positive electrode active material.

The commonly used circular lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO2) battery and lithium-carbon fluoride (Li/(CFx)n) battery are represented by the letters CR and BR, respectively, followed by the battery model number. Primary lithium battery is the general term for this series of chemical power sources that use metallic lithium as the negative electrode material.

What is the structure of a primary lithium battery?

A primary lithium battery has two nominal voltage levels, 1.5V and 3.0V. Primary lithium batteries come in many different structures, such as button, cylindrical, and rectangular.

Primary lithium batteries have the advantages of high specific energy, long life, and leak-proofing, but poor safety. They are mainly used in small appliances such as cameras and calculators. Commonly used structural forms of lithium batteries include cylindrical carbon package type, square stacked type, cylindrical stacked type, cylindrical winding type, and square winding type.

The lithium-manganese dioxide battery is the most widely used primary lithium battery, and the structure of the button lithium battery is similar to that of the button silver oxide-zinc battery.

The primary lithium batteries currently commercially produced include lithium-iodine batteries (Li/I2), lithium-manganese dioxide batteries (Li/MnO2), lithium-copper oxide batteries (Li/CuO), lithium polyfluorinated carbon batteries (Li/(CF)n), lithium thionyl chloride batteries (Li/SOCl2), and lithium sulfur dioxide batteries (Li/SO2). The lithium-manganese dioxide (Li/MnO2) battery is the most commonly produced lithium battery in China, in button and cylindrical form.

What is the difference between a primary lithium battery and a secondary lithium battery?

A lithium-ion secondary battery usually includes an electrode assembly, a container containing the electrode assembly, and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly includes two electrodes of opposite polarity and a separator. The separator includes a porous film cluster containing ceramic particles. The porous film is formed by bonding the particle clusters with a binder. Each particle cluster is formed by sintering or completely or partially dissolving and re-crystallizing ceramic particles. The ceramic particles contain ceramic materials with bandgaps. The particle clusters can have a grape-like or thin layer shape, and can be formed by laminating ceramic particles in a flake or thin sheet shape.

A primary lithium battery is a high energy chemical battery commonly referred to as a lithium battery. It uses metallic lithium as the negative electrode, solid salts or salts dissolved in organic solvents as the electrolyte, and metal oxides or other solid or liquid oxidants as the positive electrode active material. The commonly used circular lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO2) battery and lithium-carbon fluoride (Li/(CFx)n) battery are represented by the letters CR and BR, respectively, followed by the battery model number.